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A telescopic sight, commonly called a scope, is a device used to give an accurate point of aim for weapons such as firearms, airguns and crossbows. Other sighting systems are iron sights, red dot sights, and laser sights.

Telescopic sights are classified in terms of the optical magnification and the objective lens diameter, e.g. 10×50. This would denote 10 times magnification with a 50 mm objective lens. In general terms, larger objective lens diameters are better (collect more light and give a wider field of view), the magnification power should be chosen on the basis of the intended use. There are also adjustable objectives sights where the magnification can be changed by manually turning one part; the syntax is the following: minimal magnification — maximum magnification × objective lens, for example, 3–9×40.

Rectiles: Telescopic sights come with a variety of different reticles, ranging from the traditional crosshairs to complex reticles designed to allow the shooter to estimate accurately the range to a target, to compensate for the bullet drop, and to compensate for the windage required due to crosswinds. A user can estimate the range to objects of known size, the size of objects at known distances, and even roughly compensate for both bullet drop and wind drifts at known ranges with a reticle-equipped scope.

Mil-dot Rectiles: Modern military and law enforcement reticles are generally designed for ranging purposes. Perhaps the most flexible ranging rectile is the "Mil-dot" reticle, which consists of duplex crosshairs with small dots at milliradian (Mil) intervals in the field of view. A milliradian equates to 3.43775 MOA, that is, approximately 21.6 inches at 600 yards; each MOA equates to 1.0472 inch at 100 yards, often rounded to 1 inch at 100 yards for fast mental calculations.

Users who use the metric system are better off with a Mil-dot reticle, since they do not have to hassle with the unnecessary complications of a non metric system of measurement during mental calculations. Also the Mil-dot measurements and ranging calculations are always exact in the metric system.

A trained user can pretty accurately measure the range to objects of known size, the size of objects at known distances, and compensate for both bullet drop and wind drifts at known ranges with a Mil-dot reticle-equipped scope.